Meanwhile, the serum levels of Triiodothyronine ( T3) and free T3 were significantly decreased in the TM group ( P < 0.05). The results showed that TM significantly decreased ( P < 0.05) the final body weight, weight gain, and average daily feed intake of broilers. During D1 to D12, body weight, feed intake, and body temperature were recorded. ![]() ![]() After hatching, all broilers were reared normally until slaughtered at 12 d of age ( D12). In this study, yellow-feathered broiler eggs were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups between E10 and E18, which the control group was incubated at 37.8☌ with 56% humidity, and the TM group was subjected to 39☌ with 65% humidity. However, different TM strategies produce different results on broilers' growth. ![]() ![]() Studies have shown that thermal manipulation ( TM) during the embryonic stage can improve broilers' ability to resist heat stress later. When broilers cannot adapt to a high-temperature environment through self-regulation, it will cause heat stress, resulting in a large number of deaths and substantial economic losses.
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